WOCKHARDT

Codeine is an opioid medication used primarily to treat pain, cough, and sometimes diarrhea. Here are some key points about codeine:

Uses

• Pain Relief: Often prescribed for mild to moderate pain relief, often in combination with other pain relievers like acetaminophen or aspirin.
• Cough Suppressant: Used in some formulations to relieve cough.
• Diarrhea: Occasionally used to manage diarrhea, as it can slow down gut movement.

Mechanism of Action

Codeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which helps to decrease the perception of pain and suppress coughing.

Forms

• Available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquid formulations.

Side Effects

• Common: Drowsiness, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
• Serious: Risk of respiratory depression, especially in high doses or when combined with other CNS depressants.

Precautions

• Dependence and Addiction: There is a potential for misuse and addiction, particularly in individuals with a history of substance use disorders.
• Withdrawal Symptoms: Stopping codeine abruptly after long-term use can lead to withdrawal symptoms.

Interactions

• Codeine can interact with other medications, especially other opioids, sedatives, and alcohol, increasing the risk of respiratory depression and other serious side effects.